Sunday, March 16, 2008

Retinoblastoma

Retinoblastoma
Retinoblastoma - (Reh-tin-oh-blast-oma) is a malignancy of one or both eyes which takes place in young children. There are just about 350 new diagnosed cases per year in the United States . Retinoblastoma impinges on one in every 15,000 to 30,000 breathe babies that are born in the United States . Retinoblastoma affects children of all races and both boys and girls.
The retinoblastoma tumor(s) instigate in the retina, the luminosity sensitive layer of the eye which facilitates the eye to glimpse. When the tumors are current in one eye, it is referred to as unilateral retinoblastoma, and when it occurs in both eyes it is referred to as bilateral retinoblastoma. Most cases (75%) engross only one eye (unilateral); the rest (25%) affect both eyes (bilateral). The greater part (90%) of retinoblastoma patients has no relatives history of the disease; only a small entitlement of newly diagnosed patients have other family members with retinoblastoma (10%).
Posted by Nadz at 12:01:13 | Permalink | No Comments »

Wilms’ tumor

Wilms’ tumor
Wilms’ tumor or nephroblastoma is a tumor of the kidneys that classically comes about in children, hardly ever in adults. Its common name is an eponym, referring to Dr. Max Wilms, the German surgeon  who first illustrated this kind of tumor.
 More or less 500 cases are analyzed in the U.S. annually. The majority (75%) occurs in otherwise normal children; a minority (25%) is associated with other developmental aberrations. It is highly quick to respond to treatment, with about 90% of patients surviving at least five years.
Pathologically, a triphasic nephroblastoma encompasses three elements:

  • blastema
  • mesenchyme
  • epithelium

Wilms’ tumor is a malignant tumor containing metanephric blastema, stromal and epithelial imitative. Characteristic is the attendance of abortive tubules and glomeruli delimited by a spindled cell stroma. The stroma may include striated muscle, cartilage, bone, fat tissue, fibrous tissue. The tumor is squashing the normal kidney parenchyma.
 The mesenchymal constituent may take account of cells showing rhabdomyoid differentiation. The rhabdomyoid element may itself show features of malignancy (rhabdomyosarcomatous Wilms).
Wilms tumor may be separated into 2 prognostic groups based on pathologic characteristics:

  • Favorable - Contains well developed mechanism mentioned above
  • Anaplastic - Contains distributed anaplasia (poorly developed cells)
Posted by Nadz at 11:41:22 | Permalink | No Comments »